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5mg 1mL 5mg/mL 0.05mL (5 units) 0.1mL (10 units) High concentration. Small injection volumes but harder to measure accurately with standard syringes; best for experienced protocols 2mL 2.5mg/mL 0.2mL (20 units) Balanced concentra…
SS-LUP-332 Investigational—no IND filed Pre-Phase I (no clinical trials initiated) In vitro mitochondrial studies, preclinical AMPK pathway research Requires institutional affiliation, PI signature, IACUC or IRB documentation for…
1mL bacteriostatic water 5.0 mg/mL 20 doses 10 doses 0.05mL (5 units) Low. Syringe error significant 2mL bacteriostatic water 2.5 mg/mL 0.1mL (10 units) High. Standard insulin syringe optimal 3mL bacteriostatic water 1.67 mg/mL 0…
FDA-Registered 503B (U.S.) $220–$290 ≥98% HPLC-verified −20°C synthesis to delivery HPLC + MS per batch Highest reliability for reproducible research. Purity and stability verified at every stage Commercial Research Supplier (U.S…
SLU-PP-332 0.4 µM <5% at 10 µM 2.8–3.5× in skeletal muscle Metabolic disease models, mitochondrial dysfunction studies Selective ERRα/γ agonist. No TRβ binding at therapeutic doses GSK4716 1.0 µM (ERRγ-selective) ~30% at 10 µM 1.…
SS-31's mechanism centers on cardiolipin preservation. Cardiolipin contains four fatty acid chains (most phospholipids have two), making it uniquely prone to oxidative damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during mi…
Continuous Daily 10mg once daily, 7 days/week 38% of baseline activation Tolerance develops by week 5–6; requires dose escalation or protocol termination Not recommended—efficacy loss negates consistency benefits 5-Days-On/2-Days…
Before committing to either label, verify what you're actually receiving. The table below compares key verification points researchers should confirm regardless of whether the vial says SLU-PP-332 or SS-LUP-332. Molecular Formula…
−80°C (ultra-low freezer) 24+ months Not recommended (ice crystal formation damages protein structure) Minimal. Near-zero chemical activity Ideal for long-term archival storage of unopened lyophilised peptides; excessive for rout…
Molecular Class Mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide (D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂) Small-molecule PPARδ agonist SS-31 is a designer peptide; SS-LUP-332 is a nuclear receptor modulator. Fundamentally different chemical strategies Primary …
SLU-PP-332's unique value lies in the separation between acute activation and long-term adaptation. Acute activation. The initial ERRα binding and transcriptional upregulation. Happens within 1–2 hours and can be measured through…
SS-LUP-332 (ERRα agonist) Maintains mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative capacity during energy restriction 18–22% greater lean mass retention vs controls under caloric deficit Increased oxidative metabolism may elevate oxygen …
Understanding how long SLU-PP-332 takes to work requires comparison to compounds with similar metabolic goals but different mechanisms. SLU-PP-332 ERRα agonist. Direct nuclear receptor activation 1–2 hours (transcriptional change…
Mitochondrial Biogenesis 35–50% increase after 8–12 weeks 35–40% increase after 14 days 20–30% increase after 14 days SS-LUP-332 produces comparable magnitude to exercise in compressed timeline; AMPK activators are less potent PG…
DEA Scheduling None. Not a controlled substance None. Prescription required but not scheduled Schedule II. Strict prescribing limits SS-LUP-332 has no abuse potential classification; legal risk centers on unapproved human use, no…
Researchers often ask how SS-LUP-332 compares to other compounds used in muscle performance studies. The table below breaks down mechanism, typical performance gains, and key differentiators. SS-LUP-332 ERRα agonist. Mitochondria…
Ischaemia-reperfusion injury Reduces infarct size 15–25%, prevents cytochrome c release, maintains ATP production during reperfusion No protective effect. Insufficient time for transcriptional changes Hours SS-31 is the only viab…
Metabolic (glucose oxidation, FAO) 10–30mg Once or twice daily Morning fasted or pre-feeding window PGC-1α upregulation, OXPHOS gene expression, mitochondrial density Lower doses work when timed correctly. 20mg fasted outperforms…
SS-31's active sequence (D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH₂) carries alternating positive charges that electrostatically bind cardiolipin, a phospholipid enriched 1000-fold in the inner mitochondrial membrane compared to other cellular membra…
A 2022 Phase 3 trial published in Circulation found SS-31 (elamipretide) reduced mitochondrial dysfunction markers by 37% in heart failure patients after 12 weeks. Yet the compound failed primary endpoints for clinical improvemen…