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BPC-157 VEGF receptor modulation, growth factor upregulation IL-6 ↓ 62%, TNF-α ↓ 58% Tendon injury, gastric ulceration, wound healing Strongest evidence for localised tissue repair; requires subcutaneous administration near injur…
BPC-157 VEGF upregulation, growth factor receptor activation Angiogenesis, tissue repair 200–500 mcg per dose (animal models) Wound healing, gut inflammation, tendon repair Gold standard for angiogenesis-driven repair. Most publi…
BPC-157 NOS stabilization, VEGF upregulation, cytokine modulation Acute injury resolution (0–14 days post-injury) 250–500 mcg SC twice daily 30+ preclinical studies; no human RCTs Best choice for acute traumatic injury and ligame…