GRPR gastrin releasing peptide receptor [ (human)]

Official Symbol GRPRprovided by HGNC Official Full Name gastrin releasing peptide receptorprovided by HGNC Primary source HGNC:HGNC:4609 See related Ensembl:ENSG00000126010 MIM:305670; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4609 Gene type protein coding RefSeq status REVIEWED Organism Homo sapiens Lineage Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo Also known as BB2; BB2R; BRS2 Summary Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) regulates numerous functions of the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems, including release of gastrointestinal hormones, smooth muscle cell contraction, and epithelial cell proliferation and is a potent mitogen for neoplastic tissues. The effects of GRP are mediated through the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor. This receptor is a glycosylated, 7-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptor that activates the phospholipase C signaling pathway. The receptor is aberrantly expressed in numerous cancers such as those of the lung, colon, and prostate. An individual with autism and multiple exostoses was found to have a balanced translocation between chromosome 8 and a chromosome X breakpoint located within the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008] Expression Biased expression in pancreas (RPKM 2.4), stomach (RPKM 0.7) and 3 other tissues See more Orthologs all Try the new Gene page
Try the new Transcripts and proteins table Location: Xp22.2 Exon count: 3

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2025_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	X	NC_000023.11 (16123565..16153518)
RS_2025_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	X	NC_060947.1 (15706468..15736420)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	X	NC_000023.10 (16141688..16171641)

Chromosome X - NC_000023.11

Genomic Sequence:

Related articles in PubMed

1. Cross talk between the bombesin neuropeptide receptor and Sonic hedgehog pathways in small cell lung carcinoma. Castellone MD, et al. Oncogene, 2015 Mar 26. PMID 24747971, Free PMC Article
2. Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor content in human glioma and normal brain. Flores DG, et al. Brain Res Bull, 2010 Apr 29. PMID 20211708
3. Increased frequency of gastrin-releasing peptide receptor gene mutations during colon-adenocarcinoma progression. Glover SC, et al. Mol Carcinog, 2003 May. PMID 12720295
4. Increased gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor expression in tumour cells confers sensitivity to [Arg6,D-Trp7,9,NmePhe8]-substance P (6-11)-induced growth inhibition. Waters CM, et al. Br J Cancer, 2003 Jun 2. PMID 12771999, Free PMC Article
5. Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor expression in non-cancerous bronchial epithelia is associated with lung cancer: a case-control study. Egloff AM, et al. Respir Res, 2012 Feb 1. PMID 22296774, Free PMC Article

See all (71) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

1. GRP/GRPR enhances alcohol-associated liver injury through the IRF1-mediated Caspase-1 inflammasome and NOX2-dependent ROS pathway.

   Title: GRP/GRPR enhances alcohol-associated liver injury through the IRF1-mediated Caspase-1 inflammasome and NOX2-dependent ROS pathway.

2. Microglia-neuron interactions promote chronic itch via the NLRP3-IL-1beta-GRPR axis.

   Title: Microglia-neuron interactions promote chronic itch via the NLRP3-IL-1β-GRPR axis.

3. Novel Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescence Dye for Image-Guided Surgery of Prostate Cancer.

   Title: Novel Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescence Dye for Image-Guided Surgery of Prostate Cancer.

4. GRP/GRP-R signaling activation contributes to castration-resistant prostate cancer progression

   Title: Activation of GRP/GRP-R signaling contributes to castration-resistant prostate cancer progression.

5. Expression of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor in Breast Cancer and Its Association with Pathologic, Biologic, and Clinical Parameters

   Title: Expression of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor in Breast Cancer and Its Association with Pathologic, Biologic, and Clinical Parameters: A Study of 1,432 Primary Tumors.

6. Our results suggest that, similar to what happens in neutrophils, gastrin-releasing peptide is a migratory, rather than a proliferative, stimulus, for non-small cell lung carcinoma cells, indicating a putative role for gastrin-releasing peptide and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor in metastasis

   Title: Neuropeptide gastrin-releasing peptide induces PI3K/reactive oxygen species-dependent migration in lung adenocarcinoma cells.

7. GRP-R regulates glucose metabolism in neuroblastoma by modulating HIF-1alpha, PDK4 and PDP2.

   Title: Silencing gastrin-releasing peptide receptor suppresses key regulators of aerobic glycolysis in neuroblastoma cells.

8. BBS caused a significant increase in Shh gene transcription and protein secretion that was dependent on BBS-induced GPCR/Galphaq-//Rho mediated activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), which can stimulate a NF-kappaB response element in the Shh gene promoter

   Title: Cross talk between the bombesin neuropeptide receptor and Sonic hedgehog pathways in small cell lung carcinoma.

9. No association of 16 GRP and 7 GRPR variants were found with agoraphobia with/without panic disorder.

   Title: Analysis of gastrin-releasing peptide gene and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor gene in patients with agoraphobia.

10. GRPR is highly expressed in epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal, suggesting this receptor might have a role in anal carcinogenesis.

    Title: Expression of gastrin-releasing peptide receptor in epidermoid carcinoma of the anal canal.

Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

Markers

• GDB:604552 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:158208

• GDB:345272 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:156699

• DXS8274 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:47910

• GRPR__7550 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:466225

• NoName (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:489788

• GDB:604498 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:98894

• NoName (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:481908

• GDB:604567 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:99499

• DXS7978 (e-PCR)
  • UniSTS:99021

Preferred Names gastrin-releasing peptide receptor Names GRP-R GRP-preferring bombesin receptor bombesin receptor 2

NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

1. NG_012512.1 RefSeqGene

   Range 5265..35218 Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

1. NM_005314.3 → NP_005305.1  gastrin-releasing peptide receptor

   See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005305.1

   Status: REVIEWED

   Source sequence(s) AC078993, AU125660, M73481 Consensus CDS CCDS14174.1 UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot B2R910, P30550 UniProtKB/TrEMBL X5D7H2 Related ENSP00000369643.2, ENST00000380289.3 Conserved Domains (1) summary cd15124
   Location:41 → 333 7tmA_GRPR; gastrin-releasing peptide receptor, member of the class A family of seven-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2025_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

1. NC_000023.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

   Range 16123565..16153518 Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

1. NC_060947.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

   Range 15706468..15736420 Download GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)