B Cell Target & Epitope Mapping

Overlapping peptide scan Useful for mapping continuous or linear epitopes across a protein sequence. Typical designs use peptides of fixed length with defined overlap, depending on the desired mapping resolution. Length or truncation scan Useful for narrowing a known active region to the shortest practical sequence that retains recognition or activity. Alanine scan Useful for identifying residues that contribute disproportionately to binding, structure, or biological effect. Replacement or positional scan Useful when the goal is not only to map a region but to improve or tune peptide behavior by systematic sequence changes. Scrambled peptide controls Useful as controls when testing whether a specific sequence order is important for recognition or function.

Antibody development and antibody characterization Antibody specificity testing, cross-reactivity assessment, and epitope binning Vaccine design and target evaluation Antibody and immune response profiling T cell epitope identification and cellular immune profiling T cell specificity assessment and comparison of antigen-specific responses Diagnostic and serological assay development Immune escape, variant analysis, and epitope conservation studies Mechanism-of-action studies and target engagement analysis Biomarker discovery Quality control and assay validation for immunological reagents/workflows