CoNatural Niacinamide 10% + Zinc 1% - Super Activs Skin Serum

CoNatural Niacinamide 10% + Zinc 1% - Super Activs Skin Serum CoNatural Niacinamide 10% + Zinc 1% - Super Activs Skin Serum ingredients explained: Aqua, Niacinamide, Dimethyl Isosorbide, Zinc Pca, Methylpropanediol, Phenoxyethanol, Caprylyl Glycol, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Show all ingredients by function Aqua solvent Niacinamide cell-communicating ingredient, skin brightening, anti-acne, moisturizer/​humectant superstar Dimethyl Isosorbide solvent, viscosity controlling Zinc Pca anti-acne, moisturizer/​humectant goodie Methylpropanediol Phenoxyethanol preservative Caprylyl Glycol moisturizer/​humectant, emollient Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose surfactant/​cleansing, viscosity controlling 0, 1 Good old water, aka H2O. The most common skincare ingredient of all. You can usually find it right in the very first spot of the ingredient list, meaning it’s the biggest thing out of all the stuff that makes up the product. It’s mainly a solvent for ingredients that do not like to dissolve in oils but rather in water. Expand to read more Once inside the skin, it hydrates, but not from the outside - putting pure water on the skin (hello long baths!) is drying. One more thing: the water used in cosmetics is purified and deionized (it means that almost all of the mineral ions inside it is removed). Like this, the products can stay more stable over time. A multi-functional skincare superstar with several proven benefits for the skin Great anti-aging, wrinkle smoothing ingredient used at 4-5% concentration Fades brown spots alone or in combination with amino sugar, acetyl glucosamine Increases ceramide synthesis that results in a stronger, healthier skin barrier and better skin hydration Can help to improve several skin conditions including acne, rosacea, and atopic dermatitis A little helper ingredient that can boost the performance and enhance the delivery of active ingredients in a formula. It can penetrate deep layers of the skin helping actives to do the same. It's especially useful to help active ingredients for self-tanning (DHA), anti-acne or skin-whitening to penetrate deeper and work better. If you have oily, acne-prone skin, Zinc PCA is one of the actives to put on your "TO TRY" list. It's a synergistic association of two great things: Zinc and L-PCA. The Zinc part is there to help normalize sebum production and limit the proliferation of evil acne-causing bacteria. L-PCA stands for pyrrolidone carboxylic acid and it's a key molecule in the skin that helps with processes of hydration and energy (it's actually an NMF, a natural moisturizing factor). L-PCA is not only there to hydrate the skin, but it also helps to increase the efficacy and bioavailability of zinc. An in-vivo (done on real people) test done by the manufacturer shows that Zinc PCA reduces sebum production statistically significantly after 28 days of application (1% was used in the test), and in-vitro (made in the lab) measurements show that Zinc PCA has strong anti-microbial activity against P. acnes (between 0.1-0.25%) and other bacterial strains. If that would not be enough there is also a 2011 research paper saying that based on in-vitro (made in the lab, not on real people) findings Zinc PCA might be a promising anti-aging active that helps with the production of type I collagen (and we all know more collagen = firmer skin). All in all, definitely a goodie for oily, acne-prone skin. It's a type of glycol that - according to the manufacturer - is an extremely good replacement for other glycols like propylene or butylene glycol. Its main job is to be a solvent, but it has also very good antimicrobial properties and acts as a true preservative booster. Also helps with skin h what‑it‑does cell-communicating ingredient | skin brightening | anti-acne | moisturizer/humectant solvent | viscosity controlling anti-acne | moisturizer/humectant moisturizer/humectant | emollient surfactant/cleansing | viscosity controlling irritancy, com.