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Top VIP Studies: Research Comparison
Nature Comms 2019. Circadian Insulin Mouse pancreatic islets, in vivo knockout VIP entrains beta-cell insulin secretion to circadian rhythm via VPAC2 Not applicable (knockout model) VPAC2 receptor signaling synchronises clock gene expression in beta-cells Demo
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- Nature Comms 2019. Circadian Insulin
- Mouse pancreatic islets, in vivo knockout
- VIP entrains beta-cell insulin secretion to circadian rhythm via VPAC2
- Not applicable (knockout model)
- VPAC2 receptor signaling synchronises clock gene expression in beta-cells
- Demonstrates VIP's role in temporal insulin coordination. Not total insulin output
- Diabetes 2017. Beta-Cell Protection
- STZ-induced diabetic rats
- VIP reduced beta-cell apoptosis by 40% via Bcl-2 upregulation
- 10 nmol/kg subcutaneous, twice daily, 14 days
- Anti-apoptotic protein upregulation, caspase-3 suppression
- Protective effect during metabolic stress. Does not reverse established hyperglycemia
- J Immunol 2016. T-Reg Induction
- EAE mouse model (autoimmune)
- VIP increased CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T-regs threefold, reduced disease scores 60%
- 10 nmol per injection, 3× weekly, 4 weeks
- VPAC1-mediated FoxP3 transcription factor induction in naive T cells
- Shifts immune response toward tolerance. Effect requires continuous VIP presence
- Front Immunol 2018. T-Reg Duration
- Mouse T-cell tracking study
- T-reg populations returned to baseline 7–10 days after VIP cessation
- Variable dosing regimens tested
- VIP acts as ongoing regulatory signal, not permanent reprogramming
- Clarifies that VIP's immunomodulation is conditional on sustained administration
- Front Neurosci 2021. Alzheimer's Model
- APP/PS1 transgenic mice
- VIP reduced hippocampal microglial activation 35%, preserved spatial memory
- 5 nmol intranasal, daily, 12 weeks
- Microglial phenotype shift from M1 to M2, cytokine modulation
- Neuroprotection via inflammation control. Does not reduce amyloid plaque burden
- J Neuroinflamm 2019. BBB Integrity
- LPS-induced neuroinflammation, mice
- VIP reduced blood-brain barrier permeability 50% during systemic inflammation
- 10 nmol/kg with LPS challenge
- MMP-9 suppression preserves tight junction proteins (claudin-5, occludin)
- Protects BBB integrity during acute inflammation. Mechanism is MMP inhibition