Minimalist Vitamin K + Retinal 01% Eye Cream Versus Plum Goodness 3% Vitamin C, 3% Peptide & 3% Caffeine Under Eye Cream With Mandarin

Minimalist Vitamin K + Retinal 01% Eye Cream Versus Plum Goodness 3% Vitamin C, 3% Peptide & 3% Caffeine Under Eye Cream With Mandarin Detailed comparison of Minimalist Vitamin K + Retinal 01% Eye Cream versus Plum Goodness 3% Vitamin C, 3% Peptide & 3% Caffeine Under Eye Cream With Mandarin. This anti-aging eye moisturizer is formulated around Niacinamide and Retinal to soften the look of wrinkles and fade the look of dark spots. This anti-aging eye moisturizer is formulated around 3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid and Caffeine to soften the look of wrinkles and brighten dull-looking skin. Water Glycerin Niacinamide Dimethicone Propanediol Caffeine Dicaprylyl Carbonate Brassica Glycerides Diisopropyl Sebacate Maltodextrin Glyceryl Glucoside Behenyl Alcohol Butylene Glycol Phytonadione Epoxide Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Oil Hydroxyethylcellulose Pentylene Glycol Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate Zerumbone N-Hydroxysuccinimide Dipeptide-2 Steareth-20 Chrysin Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7 Xanthan Gum Retinal Sodium Hyaluronate Hesperidin Methyl Chalcone Phenoxyethanol Carbomer Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1 Ethylhexylglycerin Citric Acid Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate Water, Glycerin, Niacinamide, Dimethicone, Propanediol, Caffeine, Dicaprylyl Carbonate, Brassica Glycerides, Diisopropyl Sebacate, Maltodextrin, Glyceryl Glucoside, Behenyl Alcohol, Butylene Glycol, Phytonadione Epoxide, Prunus Amygdalus Dulcis Oil, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Pentylene Glycol, Hydrolyzed Sodium Hyaluronate, Zerumbone, N-Hydroxysuccinimide, Dipeptide-2, Steareth-20, Chrysin, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Xanthan Gum, Retinal, Sodium Hyaluronate, Hesperidin Methyl Chalcone, Phenoxyethanol, Carbomer, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, Ethylhexylglycerin, Citric Acid, Trisodium Ethylenediamine Disuccinate Undecane Tridecane 3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid Isoamyl Laurate Acetyl Hexapeptide-8 Caprylyl Glycol Triolein Glyceryl Stearate Citrate Citrus Reticulata Peel Extract Terminalia Ferdinandiana Fruit Extract Tapioca Starch Daucus Carota Sativa Seed Oil Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract Cyclodextrin Ammonium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate Methyl Gluceth-20 Glyceryl Stearate PEG-100 Stearate Sorbitol Isostearyl Hydroxystearate Benzyl Alcohol Hydroxyacetophenone Sodium Citrate Sodium Gluconate Sucralose Dilauryl Thiodipropionate Water, Undecane, Tridecane, 3-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Glycerin, Caffeine, Isoamyl Laurate, Acetyl Hexapeptide-8, Caprylyl Glycol, Propanediol, Triolein, Glyceryl Stearate Citrate, Citrus Reticulata Peel Extract, Terminalia Ferdinandiana Fruit Extract, Tapioca Starch, Daucus Carota Sativa Seed Oil, Cucumis Sativus Fruit Extract, Cyclodextrin, Ammonium Polyacryloyldimethyl Taurate, Methyl Gluceth-20, Glyceryl Stearate, PEG-100 Stearate, Sorbitol, Isostearyl Hydroxystearate, Benzyl Alcohol, Hydroxyacetophenone, Sodium Citrate, Sodium Gluconate, Xanthan Gum, Sucralose, Citric Acid, Dilauryl Thiodipropionate These ingredients are found in both products. Ingredients higher up in an ingredient list are typically present in a larger amount. Caffeine is a naturally occurring plant compound found in coffee beans, tea leaves, cocoa pods, and guarana. As an antioxidant, caffeine protects your skin from free radical damage caused by UV exposure and envionrmnetal stressors. Early research also shows that caffeine can help calm redness, soothe irritated skin, and support hair growth by stimulating microcirculation in the scalp. You might have seen eye creams marketing caffeine as a depuffing ingredient. This is because it is a vasoconstrictor meaning it can temporarily constrict blood vessels, though clinical evidence for this specific use is still limited. Most skincare products contain this ingredient at concentrations between 1-6%. It is able to penetrate skin easily regardless of skin type or thickness. Just so you know, a very small number of case reports describe caffeine-induced allergy. This ingredient is generally well-tolerated, non-irritating, and non-sensitizing for the majority of people. Citric Acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) naturally found in citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, and limes. Like other AHAs, citric acid can exfoliate skin by breaking down the bonds that hold dead skin cells together. This helps reveal smoother and brighter skin underneath. However, this exfoliating effect only happens at high concentrations (20%) which can be hard to find in cosmetic products. Due to this, citric acid is usually included in small amounts as a pH adjuster. This helps keep products slightly more acidic and compatible with skin's natural pH. In skincare formulas, citric acid can: While it can provide some skin benefits, research shows lactic acid and glycolic acid are generally more effective and less irritating exfoliants. Most citric acid used in skincare today is made by fermenting sugars (usually from molasses). This synthetic version is identical to the natural citrus form but easier to stabilize and use in formulations. Rosacea skin has a lower threshold for acids generally, with 62.5% of rosacea subjects in one study reacting to lactic acid in a sting test. This is why we mark citric acid as a potential rosacea trigger. However, this ingredient shows up as a pH adjuster or chelator at roughly 0.1-1% in many products. These low levels are unlikely to be an issue for rosacea skin and becomes a potential trigger at exfoliating concentrations (20%). Because everybody's skin is unique, we recommend a patch test if you are unsure. Glycerin (or glycerol) is a compound naturally found in your skin. It's a powerhouse humectant that pulls water into the stratum corneum. Topically, glycerin does several things at once: Your skin makes glycerin on its own (mostly from sebaceous oil breakdown) and shuttles it to your outermost layer of skin, or your epidermis, via aquaporin-3. Aquaporin-3 is a transporter that is essential for normal skin hydration, el