Understand the source comparison
Khavinson Bioregulators: Formulation Type Comparison
Thymalin Thymus gland, T-cell maturation Tetrapeptide (4 AA) Immune senescence, post-infection recovery, age-related thymic involution Subcutaneous or intramuscular injection The most extensively studied bioregulator. Consistent upregulation of IL-2 and CD4+ c
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This page preserves a source comparison for education. It does not add a rating, recommendation or clinical judgment.
- Thymalin
- Thymus gland, T-cell maturation
- Tetrapeptide (4 AA)
- Immune senescence, post-infection recovery, age-related thymic involution
- Subcutaneous or intramuscular injection
- The most extensively studied bioregulator. Consistent upregulation of IL-2 and CD4+ counts across trials. Our Cognitive Function research stack includes complementary peptides.
- Epithalamin
- Pineal gland, circadian regulation
- Melatonin dysregulation, circadian rhythm disorders, neuroendocrine aging
- Demonstrated melatonin restoration in age-related decline. Effects require 10-day dosing cycle. Single doses show no circadian impact.
- Cortexin
- Cerebral cortex, neuronal tissue
- Polypeptide blend (10–20 AA fragments)
- Cognitive decline, stroke recovery, neuroprotection
- Intramuscular injection only
- Unique among bioregulators. Contains longer polypeptide fragments rather than ultra-short sequences. Requires deeper IM administration.
- Hepatamin
- Hepatocytes, liver parenchyma
- Tripeptide (3 AA)
- Hepatic steatosis, cirrhosis support, detoxification capacity
- Smaller sequence than most bioregulators. Higher diffusion rate but shorter half-life. Best paired with Energy Mitochondria Fatigue Bundle for metabolic support.
- Vilon
- Thymus gland, thymic epithelium
- Dipeptide (2 AA)
- Immune function restoration, aging-related immune suppression
- Oral (low bioavailability) or injectable
- The shortest bioregulator sequence. Lys-Glu. Oral forms show minimal absorption. Injectable format required for measurable immune response.
- Testalamin
- Testes, Leydig cells
- Testosterone synthesis support, testicular atrophy, age-related hypogonadism
- Intramuscular injection preferred
- Targets Leydig cell gene expression. Not a testosterone replacement. Works upstream of steroidogenesis. Explore related tools in our Body Recomp Bundle.