A peptide derived from sorting nexin 1 inhibits HPV16 entry ...

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Abstract

High risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is responsible for 99 % of cervical cancers and 5 % of all human cancers worldwide. HPV infection requires the viral genome (vDNA) to gain access to nuclei of basal keratinocytes of epithelium. After virion endocytosis, the minor capsid protein L2 dictates the subcellular retrograde trafficking and nuclear localization of the vDNA during mitosis. Prior work identified a cell-permeable peptide termed SNX1.3, derived from the BAR domain of sorting nexin 1 (SNX1), that potently blocks the retrograde and nuclear trafficking of EGFR in triple negative breast cancer cells. Given the importance of EGFR and retrograde trafficking pathways in HPV16 infection, we set forth to study the effects of SNX1.3 within this context. SNX1.3 inhibited HPV16 infection by both delaying virion endocytosis, as well as potently blocking virion retrograde trafficking and Golgi localization. SNX1.3 had no effect on cell proliferation, nor did it affect post-Golgi trafficking of HPV16. Looking more directly at L2 function, SNX1.3 was found to impair membrane spanning of the minor capsid protein. Future work will focus on mechanistic studies of SNX1.3 inhibition, and the role of EGFR signaling and SNX1-mediated endosomal tubulation, cargo sorting, and retrograde trafficking in HPV infection.

Keywords

HPV16

Minor capsid protein

L2

Sorting nexin 1

SNX1

SNX-BAR

Viral entry

Retrograde trafficking

Membrane spanning

Data availability

Data will be made available on request.

1

Current address: Microbiologics, Inc. Saint Cloud, MN USA.

2

Current address: Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC Canada.

3

Current address: Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA.

© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.